Amlodipine + Benazepril HCl
Combined antihypertensive preparations
Pharmacology :
Amlodipine may be a dihydropyridine calcium antagonist which inhibits the transmembrane influx of calcium ions into vascular smooth muscle and heart muscle. it's a greater effect on vascular smooth muscle cells than on heart muscle cells; Amlodipine may be a peripheral arterial vasodilator that causes a discount in peripheral vascular resistance and reduction in vital sign. Serum calcium concentration isn't suffering from Amlodipine.
Benazepril inhibits the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). ACE may be a peptidyl dipeptidase that catalyzes the conversion of angiotensin I to the vasoconstrictor substance angiotensin II. angiotensin II also stimulates aldosterone secretion by the cortex. Inhibition of ACE leads to decreased plasma angiotensin II, which results in decreased vasopressor activity and aldosterone secretion. The mechanism through which Benazepril lowers vital sign is believed to be primarily suppression of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, Benazepril has an antihypertensive effect even in patients with low-renin hypertension.
Indications :
This is indicated for the treatment of hypertension.
Dosage & Administration :
Amlodipine is an efficient treatment of hypertension in once-daily doses of two .5-10 mg while benazepril is effective in doses of 10-80 mg. In clinical trials of amlodipine/benazepril combination therapy using amlodipine doses of two .5-5 mg and benazepril doses of 10-20 mg, the antihypertensive effects increased with increasing dose of amlodipine altogether patient groups, and therefore the effects increased with increasing dose of benazepril in non-black groups.
Interaction :
Diuretics: Patients on diuretics may occasionally experience an excessive reduction of the vital sign after initiation of therapy with Amlodipine and Benazepril. Potassium-sparing diuretics (e.g. spironolactone) or potassium supplements can increase the danger of hyperkalemia.
Patients With Hepatic Failure: Since Amlodipine is extensively metabolized by the liver and therefore the plasma elimination half-life (t½) is 56 hours in patients with impaired hepatic function, caution should be exercised when administering Amlodipine & Benazepril to patients with severe hepatic impairment.
Cough: ACE inhibitor-induced cough should be considered within the medical diagnosis of cough.
Surgery/Anesthesia: In patients undergoing surgery or during anaesthesia with agents that produce hypotension, Benazepril will block the angiotensin II formation that would otherwise occur secondary to compensatory renin release. Hypotension that happens as a result of this mechanism is often corrected by volume expansion.
Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility: No evidence of carcinogenicity, mutagenicity or impairment of fertility was found when the Benazepril/Amlodipine combination was given orally.
Overdose Effects :
Human overdoses with any combination of Amlodipine and Benazepril haven't been reported. In scattered reports of human overdoses with benazepril and other ACE inhibitors, there are not any reports of death.
Storage:
Store at 25°C, protect from moisture. exclude of reach of children.
Pharmacology :
Amlodipine may be a dihydropyridine calcium antagonist which inhibits the transmembrane influx of calcium ions into vascular smooth muscle and heart muscle. it's a greater effect on vascular smooth muscle cells than on heart muscle cells; Amlodipine may be a peripheral arterial vasodilator that causes a discount in peripheral vascular resistance and reduction in vital sign. Serum calcium concentration isn't suffering from Amlodipine.
Benazepril inhibits the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). ACE may be a peptidyl dipeptidase that catalyzes the conversion of angiotensin I to the vasoconstrictor substance angiotensin II. angiotensin II also stimulates aldosterone secretion by the cortex. Inhibition of ACE leads to decreased plasma angiotensin II, which results in decreased vasopressor activity and aldosterone secretion. The mechanism through which Benazepril lowers vital sign is believed to be primarily suppression of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, Benazepril has an antihypertensive effect even in patients with low-renin hypertension.
Indications :
This is indicated for the treatment of hypertension.
Dosage & Administration :
Amlodipine is an efficient treatment of hypertension in once-daily doses of two .5-10 mg while benazepril is effective in doses of 10-80 mg. In clinical trials of amlodipine/benazepril combination therapy using amlodipine doses of two .5-5 mg and benazepril doses of 10-20 mg, the antihypertensive effects increased with increasing dose of amlodipine altogether patient groups, and therefore the effects increased with increasing dose of benazepril in non-black groups.
Interaction :
Diuretics: Patients on diuretics may occasionally experience an excessive reduction of the vital sign after initiation of therapy with Amlodipine and Benazepril. Potassium-sparing diuretics (e.g. spironolactone) or potassium supplements can increase the danger of hyperkalemia.
Lithium: Increased serum lithium level and symptoms of lithium toxicity are reported in patients receiving ACE inhibitors during therapy with lithium.
Contraindications :
Amlodipine besylate and Benazepril hydrochloride combination are contraindicated in patients who are hypersensitive to benazepril, to the other ACE inhibitor, or to amlodipine.
Side Effects :
Cough Headache, Dizziness, and Edema. Other side effects considered possibly or probably associated with the drug are Angioedema, Asthenia and fatigue, Insomnia, nervousness, anxiety, tremor, and decreased libido, Dry mouth, nausea, abdominal pain, constipation, diarrhoea, dyspepsia, and esophagitis, Hypokalemia, Back pain, musculoskeletal pain, cramps, impotence, polyuria etc.
Pregnancy & Lactation :
Pregnancy: Categories C (first trimester) and D (second and third trimesters).
Nursing Mothers: Minimal amounts of unchanged benazepril and of benazeprilat are excreted into the breast milk of lactating women treated with benazepril in order that a newborn child ingesting nothing but breast milk would receive but 0.1% of the maternal doses of benazepril and benazeprilat. it's not known whether amlodipine is excreted in human milk. within the absence of this information, it's recommended that nursing be discontinued while this mix is run.
Precautions & Warnings :
Impaired Renal Function: Amlodipine & Benazepril should be used with caution in patients with severe renal disease.
Hyperkalemia: this might occur in just a couple of patients but generally are reversible.
Contraindications :
Amlodipine besylate and Benazepril hydrochloride combination are contraindicated in patients who are hypersensitive to benazepril, to the other ACE inhibitor, or to amlodipine.
Side Effects :
Cough Headache, Dizziness, and Edema. Other side effects considered possibly or probably associated with the drug are Angioedema, Asthenia and fatigue, Insomnia, nervousness, anxiety, tremor, and decreased libido, Dry mouth, nausea, abdominal pain, constipation, diarrhoea, dyspepsia, and esophagitis, Hypokalemia, Back pain, musculoskeletal pain, cramps, impotence, polyuria etc.
Pregnancy & Lactation :
Pregnancy: Categories C (first trimester) and D (second and third trimesters).
Nursing Mothers: Minimal amounts of unchanged benazepril and of benazeprilat are excreted into the breast milk of lactating women treated with benazepril in order that a newborn child ingesting nothing but breast milk would receive but 0.1% of the maternal doses of benazepril and benazeprilat. it's not known whether amlodipine is excreted in human milk. within the absence of this information, it's recommended that nursing be discontinued while this mix is run.
Precautions & Warnings :
Impaired Renal Function: Amlodipine & Benazepril should be used with caution in patients with severe renal disease.
Hyperkalemia: this might occur in just a couple of patients but generally are reversible.
Patients With Hepatic Failure: Since Amlodipine is extensively metabolized by the liver and therefore the plasma elimination half-life (t½) is 56 hours in patients with impaired hepatic function, caution should be exercised when administering Amlodipine & Benazepril to patients with severe hepatic impairment.
Cough: ACE inhibitor-induced cough should be considered within the medical diagnosis of cough.
Surgery/Anesthesia: In patients undergoing surgery or during anaesthesia with agents that produce hypotension, Benazepril will block the angiotensin II formation that would otherwise occur secondary to compensatory renin release. Hypotension that happens as a result of this mechanism is often corrected by volume expansion.
Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility: No evidence of carcinogenicity, mutagenicity or impairment of fertility was found when the Benazepril/Amlodipine combination was given orally.
Overdose Effects :
Human overdoses with any combination of Amlodipine and Benazepril haven't been reported. In scattered reports of human overdoses with benazepril and other ACE inhibitors, there are not any reports of death.
Storage:
Store at 25°C, protect from moisture. exclude of reach of children.
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